Country innovative development: impact of the shadow economy

the impact of morphological awareness on the vocabulary development of the iranian efl students

this study investigated the impact of explicit instruction of morphemic analysis and synthesis on the vocabulary development of the students. the participants were 90 junior high school students divided into two experimental groups and one control group. morphological awareness techniques (analysis/synthesis) and conventional techniques were used to teach vocabulary in the experimental groups a...

Investigating the effect of asymmetric shocks of the shadow economy on energy consumption in terms of financial development in Iran

This paper investigates the effect of positive and negative shocks from the shadow economy and financial development on energy consumption during the period of 1974–2014 in the short and long term using the non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag. The ratio of liquidity to GDP has been used as an indicator of financial development, and the volume of the shadow economy calculated by Piraee and...

Religion and the Shadow Economy

Religion is increasingly acknowledged to be a cultural dimension which affects economic outcomes in different regards. This contribution focuses on religion’s possible impact on the shadow economy. Different dimensions of the religious markets are taken into account. These dimensions refer to the overall degree of religiosity, the specific impact of different religions, religious competition or...

Corruption and the Shadow Economy

This paper develops a simple framework to analyze the links between corruption and the unofficial economy and their implications for the official economy. In a model of self-selection with heterogeneous entrepreneurs, we show that the entrepreneurs’ option to flee to the underground economy constrains a corrupt official’s ability to introduce distortions to the economy for private gains. The un...

The Future Singapore Economy: An Innovative Economy